In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the issue of protecting the vital functions of crew members on ship’s board in conditions of a long voyage and stay in a confined space is urgent.
In addition, excluding cases of infection with a new coronavirus infection, one must not forget about the readiness to provide first and subsequent medical assistance in case of urgent need to any crew member, and this can sometimes be done only by using drugs containing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in treatment or medical care.
The analysis carried out indicates that there is no normative legal regulation of the composition of a first-aid kit in the Russian Federation, and many of the available international documents are for the most part advisory in nature.
In this regard, the article carried out a detailed analysis of the regulatory framework governing the procedure for providing ships for overseas navigation with drugs, including those containing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, to protect the health of crew members of sea vessels in the context of the spread of COVID-19 and formulated the appropriate conclusions and recommendations.
A fast numerical method for oxygen supply in tissue with a complex blood vessel network
Angiogenesis plays an essential role in many pathological processes such as tumor growth, wound healing, and keloid development.
Low oxygen level is the main driving stimulus for angiogenesis. In an animal tissue, the oxygen level is mainly determined by three effects-the oxygen delivery through blood flow in a refined vessel network, the oxygen diffusion from blood to tissue, and the oxygen consumption in cells.
Evaluation of the oxygen field is usually the bottleneck in large scale modeling and simulation of angiogenesis and related physiological processes. In this work, a fast numerical method is developed for the simulation of oxygen supply in tissue with a large-scale complex vessel network.
This method employs an implicit finite-difference scheme to compute the oxygen field.
By virtue of an oxygen source distribution technique from vessel center lines to mesh points and a corresponding post-processing technique that eliminate the local numerical error induced by source distribution, square mesh with relatively large mesh sizes can be applied while sufficient numerical accuracy is maintained.
The new method has computational complexity which is slightly higher than linear with respect to the number of mesh points and has a convergence order which is slightly lower than the second order with respect to the mesh size.
With this new method, accurate evaluation of the oxygen field in a fully vascularized tissue on the scale of centimeter becomes possible.
Blood supply of early lung adenocarcinomas in mice and the tumor-supplying vessel relationship: a micro-CT angiography study.
- This study aimed to investigate the blood supply of early lung adenocarcinomas (LACs) in mice and the relationship between tumors and their supplying vessels by using micro-CT. An early LAC model was established in 10 female mice with subcutaneous injections of a 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine solution. Micro-CT pulmonary and bronchial arteriography was performed to demonstrate the blood supply of early LACs, especially the tumor-vessel relationships, and the findings were correlated with the pathology results.
- The quantitative and texture changes in the tumor-supplying vessels were analyzed. Micro-CT showed that the pulmonary artery (PA) was densely distributed in and around tumors in 141 (84%) of 167 early LACs, the bronchial artery was not related to tumors, and there were 4 patterns of tumor-PA relationships that correlated well with pathological findings.
- Quantitative and texture analyses showed that the tumor size had positive correlations with vessel volume (VV), vessel volume fraction (VVF), vessel thickness (VT), vessel number (VN), inverse difference moment (IDM), long run emphasis (LRE), gray level nonuniformity (GLN), and run length nonuniformity (RLN) and negative correlations with vessel separation (VS), inertia, and short run emphasis (SRE); the size of the solid component had positive correlations with VV, VVF, VT, VN, GLN and RLN and negative correlations with VS, cluster shade and SRE.
- This study concluded that early LACs are mainly supplied from the PAs in mice, and micro-CT angiography can clearly demonstrate the morphological changes of PAs and their relationships with tumors.
Increased supply from blood vessels promotes the activation of dormant primordial follicles in mouse ovaries.
- The controlled activation of dormant primordial follicles is important for the maintenance of periodic ovulation.
- Previous reports have clearly identified the signaling pathway in granulosa cells and oocytes that controls the activation of primordial follicles; however, the exact cue for the in vivo activation of dormant primordial follicles is yet to be elucidated.
- In this study, we found that almost all activated primordial follicles made contact with blood vessels. Based on this result, we speculated that the contact between primordial follicles and blood vessels may provide a cue for the activation of dormant primordial follicles.
- To confirm this hypothesis, we attempted to activate dormant primordial follicles within the ovaries by inducing angiogenesis through the use of biodegradable gels containing recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor and in cultured ovarian tissues by increasing the serum concentration within the culture medium.
- The activation of dormant primordial follicles was promoted in both experiments, and our results indicated that an increase in the supply of the serum component, from new blood vessels formed via angiogenesis, to the dormant primordial follicles is the cue for their in vivo activation.
- In the ovaries, angiogenesis often occurs during every estrous cycle, and it is therefore likely that angiogenesis is the crucial event that influences the activation of primordial follicles.
Robust Increase in Supply by Vessel Dilation in Globally Coupled Microvasculature.
Neuronal activity induces changes in blood flow by locally dilating vessels in the brain microvasculature. How can the local dilation of a single vessel increase flow-based metabolite supply, given that flows are globally coupled within microvasculature?
Solving the supply dynamics for rat brain microvasculature, we find one parameter regime to dominate physiologically. This regime allows for robust increase in supply independent of the position in the network, which we explain analytically. We show that local coupling of vessels promotes spatially correlated increased supply by dilation.
In the mandible, the condylar neck vascularization is commonly described as mainly periosteal; while the endosteal contribution is still debated, with very limited anatomical studies.
Previous works have shown the contribution of nutrient vessels through accessory foramina and their contribution in the blood supply of other parts of the mandible.
Our aim was to study the condylar neck’s blood supply from nutrient foramina.Six latex-injected heads were dissected and two hundred mandibular condyles were observed on dry mandibles searching for accessory bone foramina.
Latex-injected dissections showed a direct condylar medular arterial supply through foramina. On dry mandibles, these foramina were most frequently observed in the pterygoid fovea in 91% of cases. However, two other accessory foramina areas were identified on the lateral and medial sides of the mandibular condylar process, confirming the vascular contribution of transverse facial and maxillary arteries.
Roller Platform, adjustable for uncommon vessels |
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| BT300-RB | Benchmark Scientific | 1 PC | 440.23 EUR |
Roller Platform adjustable for uncommon vessels - EACH |
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| MIX7128 | Scientific Laboratory Supplies | EACH | 642.6 EUR |
strap clamp for vessels up to 200 mm, incl. Boss head clamp |
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| RSO-E-30 | Phoenix instrument | each | 135 EUR |
strap clamp for vessels up to 200 mm, incl. Boss head clamp |
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| RSO-E30 | PHOENIX PEPTIDE | 1set | 135 EUR |
Aluminum Sample Rack for AP1016-6W reagent vessels |
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| AP1016-ASR | Benchmark Scientific | 1 each | 428.4 EUR |
Screw Cap for 30 mL - 400 mL Manual Reaction Vessels |
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| MBS406019-1Each | MyBiosource | 1Each | 105 EUR |
Screw Cap for 30 mL - 400 mL Manual Reaction Vessels |
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| MBS406019-5x1Each | MyBiosource | 5x1Each | 425 EUR |
Total Protein Extraction Kit for Blood Vessels (50 tests) |
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| P5A03 | 101Bio | - | Ask for price |
Rat FibrOut™ 11, for blood vessels, endothelial tissues |
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| 4-21570 | CHI Scientific | 1 ml | 313.47 EUR |
Rat FibrOut™ 11, for blood vessels, endothelial tissues |
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| 4-21571 | CHI Scientific | 5 x 1 ml | 1117.58 EUR |
Screw Cap for 600 mL and Larger Manual Reaction Vessels |
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| MBS406020-1Each | MyBiosource | 1Each | 110 EUR |
Screw Cap for 600 mL and Larger Manual Reaction Vessels |
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| MBS406020-5x1Each | MyBiosource | 5x1Each | 435 EUR |
Mouse FibrOut™ 11, for blood vessels, endothelial tissues |
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| 4-21568 | CHI Scientific | 1 ml | 313.47 EUR |
Mouse FibrOut™ 11, for blood vessels, endothelial tissues |
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| 4-21569 | CHI Scientific | 5 x 1 ml | 1117.58 EUR |
Human FibrOut™ 11, for blood vessels, endothelial tissues |
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| 4-22566 | CHI Scientific | 1 ml | 358.31 EUR |
Human FibrOut™ 11, for blood vessels, endothelial tissues |
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| 4-22567 | CHI Scientific | 5 x 1 ml | 1199.86 EUR |
The maxillary artery indeed provided both endosteal and periosteal blood supply to the condylar neck, with three different branches: an intramedullary ascending artery (arising from the inferior alveolar artery), a direct nutrient branch and some pterygoid osteomuscular branches.